St. Boniface and Catholicism in Germany - 1674 Words

Prior to the work of St. Boniface in central Germany from 716 to 754 A.D., the local Hessian and Thuringian people worshiped pagan gods and honored living things essential to daily life, such as the oak trees of the surrounding forests, which provided everything from building materials to nuts for food. Though Christianity had been introduced to this area, the current practice was actually heresy because people practiced a blend of Christian and pagan beliefs and rituals. St. Boniface not only returned Catholicism to Germany, but kept heresy, the Church’s main challenge during this time period, out of central Germany. St. Boniface’s goal was to expand the Catholic Church in Germany, making certain that that the political authorities were firmly committed to Christianity. He went further, and was not only Pope Gregory’s missionary to Germany, but also purified the faith of the people, removing the culturally ingrained practices of paganism. During this time peri od, some Germans didnt fully understand Christianity, and although many in Upper Hesse converted, they still practiced their old pagan rituals. St. Boniface built schools and seminaries in Upper Hesse. The area fully converted to Catholicism thanks to the teachings of faithful priests and teachers who were brought in by Boniface to teach the full truth of the Catholic Church without aspects of the old pagan beliefs or rituals included. The eighth-century Germans used gods to explain the different things in

Research on the Impact of Economic Growth Case Study of Malaysia Free Essays

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICIES SHAPE THE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA Public Expenditure/Public Spending can be defined as any expenses made by government particularly to improve certain areas and discipline. For instance, improving public goods and services, welfare and well-being of the people, government defense forces and civil servants, maintaining our economic stability, reducing inequality of income and reallocation of resources. Bose,Haque,Osborn (2003) where I do believe in their arguments that public expenditure made by the government will surely shape the economic growth of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Research on the Impact of Economic Growth: Case Study of Malaysia or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can be seen in the policies made by Tun Razak which initiated in 1970 known as NEP or New Economic Policy that have bring the country to be one of developing country that is progressive in their economic activities. Problem statement This research will identified whether the public expenditure introduced by the government really put into action and produce outcome from it to boost our economic growth. It is important to see not only in the economic side directly but also to see at different variables that could contribute to the economic as a whole. Objectives To see the impact from public expenditure policies towards Malaysia economic growth To identify public expenditure variables particularly education that helps in economic growth. Research Methodology This research focusing more on the secondary data which involve past research from other researchers, documents, reports made by government sectors such as Economic Transformation Program (ETP) Annual Report 2011 under Performance and Management and Delivery Unit (PEMANDU), Department of statistic. Government Intervention Government Intervention Conceptual Framework Intervening Variables Public Expenditure Policies Public Expenditure Policies Economic Growth Economic Growth Sectorial Level: Education Sectorial Level: Education Dependent Variables Independent Variables Figure 1 Independent Variables in this research consist of two variables; Public Expenditure Policies whereby the research focusing on the Economic Transformation Program (ETP) under the New Economic Model to determine whether there is a significant effect towards the Economic Growth. While in sectorial level, the research focuses on education sector to identify the contribution towards Malaysia Economic growth. Government intervening in this research explains the independent variable which is Public Expenditure Policies will succeed when the government intervened in the process in order to improve our economic growth. Findings. Impact from Public Expenditure Policies towards Malaysia Economic Growth It is quite difficult to see theoretical framework on how private sector can contribute to economic growth (Diamond,1989) where this research found out that Malaysia have boost their economic growth by tackling the private sector where market failure occurred. ETP is one of the policies made by the government where government intervened in order to improve the private sector as whole where 92% outcome will produce by the private sector according to ETP Annual Report 2011. The government initiatives come into a successful result where it achieve most of the National Key Result Areas which the indicator to ensure the economic condition to be in the right track. According to Department of Statistic, Private Investments amounted to rm94 billion was the highest in five years period (between 2007 and 2011) hich surpassing the target of rm83bil. Our Gross National Income (GNI) exceed the target value of rm797 billion where it achieve rm830 billion or 104% achievement. â€Å"Most of the conclusions drawn recently regarding the growth effects of public spending are based either on the experiences of a set of developed countries or on the basis of large samples consisting of a mixture of developed and developing countries. † Bose,Haque,Osborn (2003). The statement were proved based on the ETP initiated by Government basically the foundation of the National Key Results Areas (NKEA) made from various research on identifying the areas that can be developed in Malaysia by looking at developed countries. In order to make sure everything succeed by boost up our economic growth, Government need to do spending whereby rm1. 4 trillion in investment to generate a GNI of rm1. 7 trillion. Public Expenditure Variables particularly Education that helps in Economic Growth. Education sector can be related to our economic growth by seeing on the setup of education center in Malaysia. In order to boost our economic growth into its target, it is important to determine that Malaysia need to have knowledge worker that have skilled workforce for a big result fast outcome. It will help in terms of productivity and at the same time efficient production can be materialized. Under the Education NKEA, Malaysia aims to be a regional hub in the global education network with the success of the creation of EduCity@Iskandar where eight world-class university and colleges with investment up to rm581. million. Apart from that, there are four discipline cluster have been developed in 2011 according to ETP Annual Report 2011 where Government focus in the areas of Hospitality and Tourism, Islamic Finance and Business, Health Sciences and Advanced Engineering, and Science and Innovation. It is important since the areas had been identified as crucial areas that need local ski lled workforce or knowledge worker that will help us to reduce hiring experts from other countries. Conclusion From the research, both objectives have positively correlation towards shaping the economic growth in Malaysia. This only can be possible by looking at how the government spend and know which one to prioritize so that it can be use efficiently. Malaysia moving forward to be a high income nation by 2020, the research found that by looking at the policies made by the government such as Government Transformation Program ensure that Malaysia is moving forward and already at the right track. Works Cited (PEMANDU), P. a. (2011). Economic Transformation Programme Annual Reprot 2011. Kuala Lumpur: Minister in Prime Minister Department. ASCHAUER, D. A. (1989). IS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PRODUCTIVE? *. Journal of Monetary Economics 23. Ibrahim, M. H. (2000). PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CAPITAL FORMATION . ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA, 1961-1995. Niloy Bose, M. E. (2003). A Disaggregated Analysis for Developing Countries. Public Expenditure and Economic Growth, 2-6. Shnatayanan Devarajan, V. S. -F. (1996). The Composition of Public Expenditure and Economic Growth. Journal of Monetary Economics 37 . How to cite Research on the Impact of Economic Growth: Case Study of Malaysia, Free Case study samples

Steroids In Baseball Essay Example For Students

Steroids In Baseball Essay Outline1 Introduction2 Let’s start with a Brief History of Baseball3 How does Baseball Work?4 Conclusion Introduction As a basic introduction into a conversation Baseball is quite an interesting topic.  It is a bat-and-ball game consisting of two opposing teams each having nine players playing on a baseball field also known as the diamond. Each team is either the offensive team (batting team) or the defensive team (fielding team). The offensive team’s job is to hit or bat the ball into the field of play and to score a â€Å"run† by having its runners advance counter-clockwise around four bases. The job of the defensive team is to prevent the offensive team from scoring a run and this could be by preventing the batter or runner from completing the circuit or running around the four bases. As the name implies, the field team is the team that throws the ball and tries to stop catch it when the other team player, the batter, hits it. We will write a custom essay on Steroids In Baseball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A side scores a run when the player (runner) legally runs around the four bases, completing the circuit of the diamond and touches home plate. The home plate is the point where the batter became a runner. The objective of the game is to score more runs than the other team. It sounds simple when described like this but its execution is challenging and requires constant practice and skill to pull through. This article, therefore, is designed to be as informative as possible. We will break down the complex game and explain some of the basic rules. This will be the best baseball essay you’ve ever read! Let’s start with a Brief History of Baseball According to history, It was first played in the 18th  century in England and was brought to North America by immigrants where it became a more developed and popular sport. It is most prominent in America and East Asia. The importance of baseball in America has been a long-standing subtle argument. While some schools of thought believe that Baseball is a game owned by America. It is considered a National Pastime, a Native American sport. Another school of thought believes that the group that sees it as American are just being sentimental. They think that the game is merely an occasional diversion. According to history, it is believed that AG Spalding, based on flimsy research, declared Abner Doubleday as the inventor of baseball in Cooperstown, New York, 1839. How does Baseball Work? In modern baseball games, a Major League Baseball team has a list of 25 players with definite roles. The major roles are Pitching, Batting and Running. However, there are eight player positions which are the Catcher, four infielders, and three outfielders and they all play regularly. The length of a Baseball game is not restricted by time as compared to most games like football which spans over 90 minutes. Instead, the game is played over a period of 9 innings. The field has primary boundaries, known as the foul lines and they extend from the home plate at angle 45 degrees. There is an area, about 90 degrees within the foul lines which is referred to as fair territory while the 270-degree area in a foul territory. A typical team position will have, for example, the catcher at the pointed end of the diamond, flanked in front by either third base or first base and the pitcher, directly in front of him. To begin, a batter stands at home plate of the diamond, holding his bat and waiting for the pitcher standing on a raised mound of dirt called the Pitcher’s mound, to pitch the ball towards the home plate. The batter in response attempts to hit the ball back with the bat. If the batter is unable to hit the ball probably because he missed the ball or decided not to take a swing, the catcher tries to catch it. .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .postImageUrl , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:hover , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:visited , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:active { border:0!important; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:active , .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2907e023574a564cb3004c0d71cabaef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dna And Forensics EssayIf the batter hits the ball into the field of play, he must drop the bat and begin to run toward first base. At this point, the batter becomes a runner. If he is isn’t put out before reaching first base he is said to be safe and on base. The runner records a hit when he is able to successfully reach base without being put out by the fielders. This hit is called a single. If he gets to second base, it’s called a double while at third base it’s called a triple. When the player reaches third base he must go back home to score a run. The two teams take turns playing offensive and defensive. After three outs are recorded by the offensive team, the teams switch for the next half inning and the offensive team starts to play defensive. Conclusion In Conclusion, Baseball is a popular game that has been woven into the fabric of American life and identity (Walt Whitman). Even today, it still serves a national pastime regardless of other schools of thought. So, the next time you want to relax, consider going for a baseball game.

Thank you letter Essay Example

Thank you letter Essay Example Thank you letter Essay Thank you letter Essay HER Shared Services Bon Course Health System Norfolk, VA, US Dear Ms Coleman: I am writing to you with sincere appreciations for your time and consideration for interviewing me on behalf of the coder II central coding position within your Bon Course Health system facility. To reiterate my interest in this position, I am confident that I exhibit equivalent medical coding knowledge that is essential to performing my Job professionally and efficiently. I have complete of the MM Encoder ND Soft-Med systems, posting co-pays, verifying Information for accuracy. Along with a keen eye for detail needed when reviewing patients information. As we discussed, I demonstrated effective knowledge of Interpreting ACID-II and CPA coding perfectly. As I stated, although my experience within the healthcare field is limited, I am especially familiar with the universal medical billing practices, health insurance policies, pertinent legal and regulatory Issues and the differences In reimbursement methods. With my sharpened Interpersonal skills, computer skills, accurate data entry skills, and my excellent attention to detail and follow up skills, I believe I would development the acquired experience along the way. Lading me In learning effectively and promptly within the giving position. My gratitude for your time and for considering me Is measurable. I would love to be a part of the Bon Course Health System team and feel I will be a valuable asset to the company. I look forward to your response and decision soon. Thanks once again. Sincerely, [emailprotected] Mom thank you letter By Lenore] and Soft-Med systems, posting co-pays, verifying information for accuracy. Along with demonstrated effective knowledge of interpreting ACID-II and CPA coding perfectly. Policies, pertinent legal and regulatory issues and the differences in reimbursement methods. With my sharpened interpersonal skills, computer skills, accurate data development the acquired experience along the way.

How to Write IEP (Individualized Education Plan) Goals

How to Write IEP (Individualized Education Plan) Goals An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a written plan developed for special education students. The IEP is generally updated annually by a team that often includes the special education teacher, special education administrator, general education teacher, specialists such as speech, occupational, and physical therapists, as well as a school nurse. Writing IEP goals correctly is vital to a special education students success because, unlike in general or regular education, students in special education are legally entitled to an education plan specifically tailored to their cognitive and physical ability and needs. The IEP goals lay out the roadmap for providing such an education. Key Takeaways: SMART IEP Goals IEP goals should be SMART: specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and time-bound.SMART IEP goals are realistic for the student to achieve and explain how the student will accomplish them.Smart IEP goals always consider the students present levels of performance and include a brief description of how progress will be measured as well as what constitutes successful completion of each goal. SMART IEP Goals All IEP goals should be SMART goals, an acronym that refers to goals as specific, measurable, achievable, results-oriented, and time-bound. A SMART IEP goal will be realistic for the student to achieve and lay out how the student will accomplish it. Breaking down the components of SMART goals into their specific elements can make them easier to write. Specific: The goal should be specific in naming the skill or subject area and the targeted result. For example, a goal that is not specific might read, Adam will be a better reader. Such a goal fails to provide any details. Measurable: You should be able to measure the goal using standardized tests,  curriculum-based measurements  or screening, work samples, or even teacher-charted data. A goal that is not measurable might read, Joe will get better at solving math problems. Attainable: A lofty goal that is not attainable can discourage both teacher and student. A goal that is not attainable might read, Frank will ride public transportation all over town without any mistakes any time he wants. If Frank has never ridden public transportation, this goal is likely out of reach. Results-oriented: The goal should clearly spell out the expected result. A poorly worded goal might read, Margie will increase her eye contact with others. Theres no way to measure that and no indication of what the result might be. Time-bound: The goal should state specifically by what date the student is expected to accomplish it. A goal lacking a time expectation might read, Joe will explore career opportunities. Consider Present Level of Performance To write SMART goals, the IEP team needs to know the present levels at which the student is functioning. For example, you wouldnt expect a student to learn algebra by the next IEP if she is currently struggling to add two-digit numbers. Its important that the current levels of performance accurately and honestly reflect the students abilities and deficiencies. A report on the present levels of performance often begins with a statement of the students strengths, preferences, and interests. They would then cover: Academic skills: This lists the students ability in math, reading, and writing, and spells out deficiencies in these areas compared to grade-level peers. Communication development: This describes the level of communication at which the student is functioning as well as any deficits compared to same-age peers. If the student has speech deficits or is using vocabulary and sentence structure that are below grade-level peers, that would be noted here. Emotional/social skills: This describes the students social and emotional abilities, such as getting along with others, initiating and taking part in conversations with friends and classmates, and responding appropriately to stress. An issue in this area could interfere with a students ability to learn and interact with teachers and peers. Monitor Progress Once the IEP team has agreed on a set of goals for the year, its important to monitor the students progress toward meeting those goals. The process for monitoring the students progress is often included in the IEP goals themselves. For example, a SMART goal listed previously reads as follows: Penelope will be able to solve two-digit addition problems with 75 percent accuracy as measured by work samples, teacher-charted data, and standardized tests. For this goal, the teacher would collect work samples over a period of time, such as a week or month, to indicate Penelopes progress. Data collection  refers to regularly assessing a student’s success on individual items in her goals, usually at least once a week. For example, the teacher and paraprofessionals might maintain a daily or weekly log that shows how accurately Penelope is solving two-digit multiplication problems on a daily or weekly basis. Review and Update Benchmarks as Needed Since goals are written to cover an entire year, they are generally broken into benchmarks. These might be quarterly periods where the teacher and staff can monitor how well the student is progressing toward the specific goal. For example, the first benchmark might require Penelope to solve two-digit problems with 40 percent accuracy by the end of the first quarter; the second benchmark, three months later, might require her to solve problems at 50 percent accuracy, while a third might call for a 60 percent accuracy rate. If the student is not close to achieving these benchmarks, the team can include an addendum adjusting the final goal to a more reasonable level, such as 50 percent accuracy. Doing so provides the student with a more realistic chance of achieving the goal in the long run. IEP Goal Examples IEP goals should, as noted, follow the SMART acronym, ensuring that they are specific, measurable, achievable, results-oriented, and time-bound. Following are some examples: Adam will be  able to read a passage orally in a grade-level book at 110 to 130 words per minute with no more than 10 errors. This goal is specific because it specifies exactly how many words Adam will be able to read in a minute as well as the acceptable error rate. As another example, a SMART goal that is measurable might read: Penelope will be able to solve two-digit addition problems with 75 percent accuracy as measured by work samples, teacher-charted data, and standardized tests. This goal is measurable because it specifies the desired accuracy percentage on all work samples. A goal that is attainable goal might read: By the next meeting, Joe will travel from school to home safely on a public transportation bus once a week with 100 percent accuracy as measured by teacher-charted data. Put another way, this is a goal that Joe might well be able to reach; hence, it is attainable. A results-oriented goal could state: Margie will look the person speaking to her in the eye 90 percent of the time in four out of five daily opportunities, as measured by teacher-charted data. This goal focuses on results: It specifies what, exactly, the outcome will be if Margie reaches the goal. (Shell be able to look a person in the eye 90 percent of the time.) A time-bound goal, by contrast, might read: By the next meeting, Joe will explore career opportunities through a variety of media (such as books, library, internet, newspaper, or tours of job sites) with 100 percent accuracy in four out of five weekly trials, as measured by teacher-charted observation/data. Importantly, this goal specifies when Joe should reach the goal (by the next meeting, likely a year from the date the goal was initially accepted by the IEP team). With this goal, everyone on the IEP team is aware that Joe is expected to have explored the specified career opportunities by the next meeting.

Equal and Superior Services of Restaurants Research Paper

Equal and Superior Services of Restaurants - Research Paper Example This concept of equality and superiority can easily be understood by the example of restaurants. Most of these restaurants are providing services but very few of them are capable of providing superior services with equality. People visiting restaurants are from diverse environment settings and have dissimilar needs. Thus a restaurants need to achieve the status of being superior by providing equality in outcomes of experiences of different individuals. Like:Ambiance/ decoration: People who wants to dine out definitely requires something especial to feel and eat. Efforts should be made to impress the customers by providing them relax and pleasant environment. Furnishing should be comfortable yet functional.Waiting Staff: Few things that make the first impression about the restaurant, waiters/waitresses are among them. Hiring trained staff proved to be the backbone of the restaurant business. Customers expect friendly, polite and professional treatment from the waiting staff. Healthy F ood: If customers have caloric information of the meals on the menu card or on request, it will be an additional service on behalf of the restaurant. Trying to have variety and creativity in the recipes of meal prevent customers to feel boredom from same kind of menu. Use of Advance Equipments and Technology: Restaurants should accept the credit cards to provide ease to the customer in payments. In addition, restaurants should have their own website in order to display their latest packages, new recipes.

Business Economics 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Economics 1 - Essay Example Today I wasted minutes and gas looking a free space and when I saw it somebody else also wanted it. Harry wanted it but I was an inch ahead of him, so I had the right of way. If he wanted it very badly he could have paid me. Nothing is free in this world; as the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. In economics we deal with the problem of scarcity, and all of us try to beat this problem so that we can get what we want. An economist (Arnold 5) says that a rationing device is needed for society to enable its members to get what they want. A common rationing device is money (dollars), and you are out there in front if you have money. Thats why we study to earn a degree (to earn more money later), and thats why some work instead of studying for a degree (to earn money now). Is parking free at the mall? It is free for those who come early or for those who are lucky that somebody has just come out to vacate that space. It is not free for those who dont get it. While opportunity cost is a concept used when we make choices, here the situation is forced on one, and yes, there is a cost, because you could have spent the time (and the gas) elsewhere where you could gain some utility. I said that I got slightly ahead of Harry, so I had the right to the parking space. Suppose we got there at exactly the same time? We could have settled it with a display of intimidation: If I were bigger and more muscular, if my car was a Mercedes-Benz and Harrys was a Kia, or if he could see that I had a gun; or in a spirit of fairness, we could have tossed a coin, or done something similar to break a tie, and I would have said thats what life is like. Theres a lot of chanciness in the world in which we live. If we arrived at that point at the same time and I needed the park first because I would lose an important opportunity by missing an appointment, I would not wait for the tossing of a coin. I would pay Harry an